We know that we are conscious but we don't yet know how or why. The subjective nature of consciousness makes it difficult to study because only the individual has direct access. The search is on for a theory that helps us determine the presence of consciousness in humans and other scopes of life. Prior to the Age of Enlightenment in the 18th century, the heart was considered to be the home of consciousness. Theories are always evolving and now the consensus is that the brain is where we should be looking. Christof Koch, PhD states that it is now believed that the footprint of consciousness is generated from a thin layer on the brain known as the Neocortex. In an attempt to rule out current theories to narrow the scope of this search, a groundbreaking project led by Professor Lucia Melloni, PhD will test two rival theories simultaneously.